Graphene-Like Conjugated Molecule as Hole-Selective Contact for Operationally Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules.

Further enhancing the operational lifetime of the inverted-structure perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is crucial for their commercialization, and the design of hole-selective contacts at the illumination side has played a key role on operational stability. In this work, we develop the self-anchoring benzo[rst]pentaphene (SA-BPP) as a new type of hole-selective contact toward long-term operationally stable inverted PSCs. The SA-BPP molecule with a graphene-like conjugated structure shows a higher photostability and mobility than that of the frequently-used triphenylamine and carbazole-based hole-selective molecules. Besides, the anchoring groups of SA-BPP promote the formation of a large-scale uniform hole contact on ITO substrate and efficiently passivate the perovskite absorbers. Benefiting from these merits, the champion efficiencies of 22.03% for the small-sized cells and 17.08% for 5 cm × 5 cm solar modules on an aperture area of 22.4 cm 2 are achieved based on this SA-BPP contact. Also, the SA-BPP-based device exhibits a promising operational stability, with an efficiency retention of 87.4% after 2,000-hour continuous operation at the maximum power point under simulated 1-sun illumination, which indicates an estimated T 80 lifetime of 3,175 hours. This novel design concept of hole-selective contacts provides a potential strategy for further improving the PSC stability. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.