Heterogeneity of Randomized Controlled Trials of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection.

Considerable variability exists among RCTs, with marked differences in study design, control groups, and outcome assessment. Lack of a standard-of-care control in many trials may impact reproducibility of FMT trial outcomes in patients with rCDI. Widespread use of FMT for rCDI is still investigational; therefore, these foundational studies provide opportunities to optimize future trials.