Iatrogenic syringomyelia postcranial surgery in pediatric patients: systematic review and illustrative case.

Iatrogenic syringomyelia after cranial surgery in pediatric patients occurs mainly after decompressive surgery for Chiari I malformation, shunt surgery, and less frequently following intracranial tumor surgery. Risk factors are postoperative intracranial scarring, shunt malfunction, and mass effect on the foramen magnum. Surgery addressing the iatrogenic syrinx seems to be effective in the majority of the patients in terms of clinical and radiological outcome.