Perovskite Solar Cells: Toward Industrial-Scale Methods.

Research progress in hybrid perovskite solar cells has increased enormously over the last years, making perovskites very promising candidates for future PV technologies. Perovskite solar cells use abundant and low-cost starting materials, providing economic advantages for large-scale implementation. A transition from laboratory-scale fabrication to industrial manufacturing requires scaling up of the dimension of the devices; manufacturing of large-area modules, considering the development of interconnection as an important step toward upscaling; and development of deposition methods alternative to spin coating, which are industrially compatible and facilitate high power conversion efficiency of the manufactured devices. This Perspective provides an overview of the recent developments toward industrial-scale manufacturing. Advances and perspectives in the developments of sheet-to-sheet and roll-to-roll deposition methods are discussed along with other related technologies required for industrial-scale methods, e.g., laser ablation, drying, post-treatment, and the use of alternative industry-compatible solvents for manufacturing of perovskite solar cells.