Surgical outcomes of full endoscopic spinal surgery for lumbar disc herniation over a 10-year period: A retrospective study.

For treating LDH by FELD, we concluded that prolapsed disc, higher disc degenerative grade, higher lumbar level, and longer preoperative symptom duration were possibly associated with unsatisfactory surgical outcomes (poor/fair MacNab score). The outside-in technique might be superior to the inside-out technique. Older age and alcohol use might be associated with a higher re-operation rate.