Effect of e-cigarette flavoring agents on the neural retina of chick embryo: histological and gene expression study.

Aziza Rashed Al-RafiahAziza AlrafiahSara AbedFatemah BasingabAisha Alrofaidi

Published in: Folia histochemica et cytobiologica (2021)

Cell death was visible and abundant in E9, and E17 concludes that flavor vapor condensate treatment caused neuronal cell death. CASP-3 was downregulated, which indicates that cell death occurred independently of CASP-3.

Keyphrases

cell death
gene expression
cell cycle arrest
dna methylation
diabetic retinopathy
brain injury
subarachnoid hemorrhage
pi k akt