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Anthropogenic gadolinium in the Tone River (Japan): an update showing a 7.7-fold increase from 1996 to 2020.

Soma KumasakaA Adhipatria P KartamihardjaYuka KumasakaSatomi KameoHiroshi KoyamaYoshito Tsushima
Published in: European radiology experimental (2024)
• All water samples from Tone River displayed positive Gd anomalies. • The Gd anomalies increased to 7.7 times higher over the past 24 years. • Correlations between Gd values and the number of hospitals and MRI units were observed.
Keyphrases
  • contrast enhanced
  • water quality
  • magnetic resonance imaging
  • healthcare
  • computed tomography
  • magnetic resonance
  • diffusion weighted imaging