Mitochondrial Targetable Turn-On Fluorescent Probe for Fast Detection of NAD(P)H in Living Cells and In Vivo.
Kuppan MageshLu Yueh HsunShu-Pao WuSivan VelmathiPublished in: ACS applied bio materials (2024)
Using colorimetric and fluorescent probes has garnered significant interest in detecting NAD(P)H within practical systems and biological organisms. Herein, we synthesized a mitochondrial targetable fluorescent probe (ISQM) for fast NAD(P)H detection in <1 min. The ISQM is positively impacted because of the quinolinium reduction facilitated by NAD(P)H. It consequently liberates the push-pull fluorophore ISQM-H with a large Stokes shift (110 nm). This release leads to a turn-on response of red-emitting fluorescence, accompanied by a meager detection limit of 59 nM. To compare the differences in the NAD(P)H levels of tumor cells and normal cells, we used ISQM to measure the fluorescent signal intensities of HeLa cells (tumor cells) and RAW 264.7 cells (normal cells), respectively. Surprisingly, the experiment, including the measurement of colocalization over time, indicated that the probe exhibits a reaction with mitochondrial NAD(P)H and trace NAD(P)H in hypoxia conditions in cancer cells. Moreover, we effectively used the probe ISQM to identify the NAD(P)H in tumor mice.
Keyphrases
- living cells
- fluorescent probe
- induced apoptosis
- cell cycle arrest
- single molecule
- oxidative stress
- cell death
- signaling pathway
- type diabetes
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- quantum dots
- label free
- adipose tissue
- pi k akt
- nitric oxide
- small molecule
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- real time pcr
- heavy metals
- wild type