Login / Signup

Effects of Psychological Stress on Vascular Physiology: Beyond the Current Imaging Signal.

Samit M ShahJudith L MeadowsMatthew M BurgSteven E PfauRobert Soufer
Published in: Current cardiology reports (2020)
The physiological responses that mediate vascular changes are based on evolutionary needs, but there is increasing evidence that the long-term consequences of psychological stress can precipitate the development and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). While there is an extensive body of literature describing localized physiological responses or overt cardiovascular manifestations, often framed within the organ-specific scope of cardiovascular imaging, there has not been a comprehensive description of the global vascular effects of psychological stress. Given the global nature of these processes, targeted cardiovascular imaging modalities may be insufficient. Here we approach the vascular response to mental stress systematically, describing the effects on the endothelium, vascular smooth muscle, and adventitia. We then address the mental stress effects on large vessels and the microvascular compartment, with a discussion of the role of microvascular resistance in the pathophysiology of mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia. Vascular responses to psychological stress involve complex physiological processes that are not fully characterized by routine cardiovascular imaging assessments. Future research incorporating standardized psychological assessments targeted toward vascular mechanisms of stress responses is required to guide the development of behavioral and therapeutic interventions.
Keyphrases
  • stress induced
  • high resolution
  • cardiovascular disease
  • smooth muscle
  • mental health
  • systematic review
  • type diabetes
  • gene expression
  • coronary artery disease
  • nitric oxide
  • sleep quality
  • cancer therapy
  • heat stress