Bone and soft tissue outcomes, risk factors, and complications of implant-supported prostheses: 5-Years RCT with different abutment types and loading protocols.

The results show that MBL was influenced by the connection type. A machined abutment, instead of connecting the superstructure directly at the implant level, was beneficial. The following factors influenced MBL: PPD, periodontal disease experience, deteriorating health, light smoking, buccal soft tissue thickness, and ISQ. The results on peri-implantitis underscore the need for long-term maintenance care. Further, the abutment material surface properties constitute additional target for strategies to minimize MBL.