Indoxyl Sulfate and p-Cresyl Sulfate Promote Vascular Calcification and Associate with Glucose Intolerance.
Britt OpdebeeckStuart MaudsleyAbdelkrim AzmiAnnelies De MaréWout De LegerBjorn MeijersAnja VerhulstPieter EvenepoelPatrick C D'HaeseEllen NevenPublished in: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN (2019)
In CKD, both IS and PCS directly promote vascular calcification via activation of inflammation and coagulation pathways and were strongly associated with impaired glucose homeostasis.