[Reactive astrocytes in brain diseases: Therapeutic targets and biomarkers].

Astrocytes are essential partners of neurons in the central nervous system. In response to many brain diseases, astrocytes change at the morphological, molecular and functional levels: they become reactive. These multiple changes are likely to have significant impacts on neurons, which are dependent on several astrocyte functions. Astrocyte reactivity is context-specific. It is therefore essential to determine the changes occurring in reactive astrocytes in each pathological situation, through dedicated and selective approaches. This will promote the development of innovative therapies that target the cellular partners of neurons, as well as the identification of specific disease biomarkers.