Bioactive constituents of Emblica officinalis overcome oxidative stress in mammalian cells by inhibiting hyperoxidation of peroxiredoxins.

Emblica officinalis (Amla) is a renowned fruit having nutritional and medicinal traits mostly linked to its antioxidants content. In the current study, the methanolic crude extract of amla fruit is subjected to sequential fractionation to get its partially purified fractions. The ethyl acetate (EA) and butanol (BUT) fractions of amla showed maximum antioxidant potential. The ferric reducing capability and nitric oxide scavenging activity were highest in EA fraction. One of the highlights of the study is the cellular antioxidant assay conducted in HeLa cells. Additionally, HeLa cells pre-treated with EA and BUT fractions were able to combat oxidative stress via total reduction in hyperoxidation of intracellular peroxiredoxin enzyme. Gallic acid, ascorbic acid, ellagic acid, rutin, quercetin, and catechol are the major compounds present in these fractions as identified by LC-ESI-MS followed by their quantification by HPLC. These findings indicate that components of E. officinalis can protect intracellular oxidative stress-mediated degeneration. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The study highlighted that E. officinalis is a promising source of phenolics and flavonoids acting as natural antioxidants, which showed varied potential to scavenge ROS. Also, the plant fractions were able to fight intracellular oxidative stress via total reduction in hyperoxidation of the human peroxiredoxin. In conclusion, we can say that the regular intake of such food supplements that affect important antioxidant enzymes can be of special interest in the management of oxidative stress-mediated human ailments.