The South African Flag Sign: An Electrocardiographic Flag for All Coronary Territories?
Steven SwarathNicole MaharajAndrew HallJean Marie FrederickRajeev SeecheranValmiki SeecheranNaveen Anand SeecheranPublished in: Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports (2023)
The South African flag sign (SAFS) is an acute, dynamic electrocardiographic (ECG) finding typically associated with first diagonal (D 1 ) artery occlusion. We report the case of a 47-year-old woman who exhibited this pattern but subsequently revealed the dreaded "widow-maker" lesion (100% occluded proximal left anterior descending [LAD] artery) and severe multivessel disease (90% stenosis of the posterior left ventricular [PLV] artery and 80% stenosis of the left circumflex artery [LCx]).
Keyphrases
- left ventricular
- heart failure
- coronary artery disease
- left atrial
- coronary artery
- acute myocardial infarction
- liver failure
- hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- aortic stenosis
- heart rate variability
- mitral valve
- heart rate
- st elevation myocardial infarction
- intensive care unit
- ejection fraction
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation