Review Article: Autophagy Behavior in Endothelial Cell Regeneration.
Basheer Abdullah MarzoogPublished in: Current aging science (2023)
Autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining endothelial cell homeostasis through the turnover of intracellular components during stress conditions in a lysosomal-dependent manner. The regeneration strategy involves several aspects, including autophagy. Autophagy is a catabolic degenerative lysosomal-dependent degradation of intracellular components. Autophagy modifies cellular and subcellular endothelial cell functions, including mitochondria stress, lysosomal stress, and endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response. Activation of common signaling pathways of autophagy and regeneration and enhancement of intracellular endothelial cell metabolism serve as the bases for the induction of endothelial regeneration. Endothelial progenitor cells include induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), embryonic stem cells, and somatic cells, such as fibroblasts. Future strategies of endothelial cell regeneration involve the induction of autophagy to minimize the metabolic degeneration of the endothelial cells and optimize the regeneration outcomes.
Keyphrases
- endothelial cells
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cell death
- stem cells
- signaling pathway
- induced apoptosis
- oxidative stress
- high glucose
- endoplasmic reticulum
- cell cycle arrest
- vascular endothelial growth factor
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- reactive oxygen species
- pi k akt
- embryonic stem cells
- body composition
- stress induced
- insulin resistance
- cell proliferation
- binding protein
- genome wide