Management of Coronary Artery Disease in Older Adults: Recent Advances and Gaps in Evidence.
Stefano CacciatoreLuigi SpadaforaMarco BernardiMattia GalliMatteo BettiFrancesco PeroneGiulia NicolaioEmanuele MarzettiAnna Maria MartoneFrancesco LandiElad AsherMaciej BanachOlivier HanonGiuseppe Biondi ZoccaiPierre SabouretPublished in: Journal of clinical medicine (2023)
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is highly prevalent in older adults, yet its management remains challenging. Treatment choices are made complex by the frailty burden of older patients, a high prevalence of comorbidities and body composition abnormalities (e.g., sarcopenia), the complexity of coronary anatomy, and the frequent presence of multivessel disease, as well as the coexistence of major ischemic and bleeding risk factors. Recent randomized clinical trials and epidemiological studies have provided new data on optimal management of complex patients with CAD. However, frail older adults are still underrepresented in the literature. This narrative review aims to highlight the importance of assessing frailty as an aid to guide therapeutic decision-making and tailor CAD management to the specific needs of older adults, taking into account age-related pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes, polypharmacy, and potential drug interactions. We also discuss gaps in the evidence and offer perspectives on how best in the future to optimize the global strategy of CAD management in older adults.
Keyphrases
- coronary artery disease
- body composition
- physical activity
- risk factors
- coronary artery bypass grafting
- cardiovascular events
- decision making
- systematic review
- skeletal muscle
- heart failure
- coronary artery
- cardiovascular disease
- type diabetes
- machine learning
- big data
- artificial intelligence
- left ventricular
- aortic valve
- risk assessment
- deep learning
- current status
- postmenopausal women
- smoking cessation
- double blind
- drug induced
- combination therapy
- replacement therapy