Tumour budding as a prognostic biomarker in biopsies and resections of neoadjuvant-treated rectal adenocarcinoma.

Assessment of TB using H&E and CK may be feasible in rectal cancer biopsy and post-neoadjuvant therapy-treated resection specimens and is associated with LNM and worse survival outcomes. Future management strategies for rectal cancer might be tailored to incorporate these findings.