Stem cell-derived exosome versus stem cell therapy.

Stem cell therapies are being explored for the treatment of various diseases, including haematological disease, immune disease, neurodegenerative disease, and tissue injuries. Alternatively, stem cell-derived exosomes may provide similar clinical benefits without the biosafety concerns associated with the transplantation of living cells. However, large-scale manufacturing and purification, batch-to-batch variation, and analysis of the complex cargos of exosomes will need to be addressed to enable their clinical translation.