Multifunctional 3D-Printed Magnetic Polycaprolactone/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.
Mauro PetrettaAlessandro GambardellaGiovanna DesandoCarola CavalloIsabella BartolottiTatiana ShelyakovaVitaly GoranovMarco BrucaleValentin Alek DediuMilena FiniBrunella GrigoloPublished in: Polymers (2021)
Multifunctional and resistant 3D structures represent a great promise and a great challenge in bone tissue engineering. This study addresses this problem by employing polycaprolactone (PCL)-based scaffolds added with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION), able to drive on demand the necessary cells and other bioagents for a high healing efficiency. PCL-HAp-SPION scaffolds with different concentrations of the superparamagnetic component were developed through the 3D-printing technology and the specific topographical features were detected by Atomic Force and Magnetic Force Microscopy (AFM-MFM). AFM-MFM measurements confirmed a homogenous distribution of HAp and SPION throughout the surface. The magnetically assisted seeding of cells in the scaffold resulted most efficient for the 1% SPION concentration, providing good cell entrapment and adhesion rates. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) seeded onto PCL-HAp-1% SPION showed a good cell proliferation and intrinsic osteogenic potential, indicating no toxic effects of the employed scaffold materials. The performed characterizations and the collected set of data point on the inherent osteogenic potential of the newly developed PCL-HAp-1% SPION scaffolds, endorsing them towards next steps of in vitro and in vivo studies and validations.
Keyphrases
- tissue engineering
- iron oxide nanoparticles
- mesenchymal stem cells
- induced apoptosis
- bone marrow
- cell proliferation
- single molecule
- cell cycle arrest
- high speed
- drug delivery
- high resolution
- atomic force microscopy
- cell death
- single cell
- bone regeneration
- big data
- molecularly imprinted
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- escherichia coli
- signaling pathway
- stem cells
- soft tissue
- cystic fibrosis
- optical coherence tomography
- risk assessment
- climate change
- candida albicans
- cell adhesion