Maternal dietary caffeine consumption and risk of birth defects in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2011.

Eva M Williford Meredith M Howley Sarah C FisherKristin M ConwayPaul A RomittiMatthew R ReederAndrew F OlshanJennita ReefhuisMarilyn L Brownenull null

Published in: Birth defects research (2023)

Given the large number of estimates generated, some of the statistically significant results may be due to chance and thus the weakly increased aORs should be interpreted cautiously. This study supports previous observations suggesting lack of evidence for meaningful associations between caffeine consumption and the studied birth defects.

Keyphrases

gestational age
pregnancy outcomes
birth weight
body mass index
quality improvement