Stabilizing zinc anodes via engineering the active sites and pore structure of functional composite layers.

Functional composite layers composed of an amino-functionalized zirconium 1,4-dicarboxybenzene metal-organic framework were constructed on zinc anodes to mitigate the interface disturbances in aqueous batteries. These layers enable robust Zn 2+ adsorption and homogenized Zn 2+ transport and deposition kinetics, facilitating achieving high stability in a symmetric cell (3500 h) and a full cell (35 000 cycles, 96.7%).