Vanadium dissolution at 30 °C and its suppression at a low temperature of -20 °C for a Na 3 V 1.5 Cr 0.5 (PO 4 ) 3 cathode.

Na 3 V 1.5 Cr 0.5 (PO 4 ) 3 cycled at 30 °C shows fast capacity decay, due to the migration of V ions into the electrolyte and the loss of V 3+ /V 4+ redox. A low temperature of -20 °C attenuates V-ion dissolution, retains V 3+ /V 4+ redox and improves the electrochemical performance, favorable for use in cold climates and high-altitude drones.