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Optimal techniques of ultrasound-guided superficial and deep parasternal intercostal plane blocks: a cadaveric study.

Artid SamerchuaPrangmalee LeurcharusmeeKittitorn SupphapipatKantarakorn UnchitiPanuwat LapisatepunNaraporn MaikongPerada KantakamPagorn NavicPasuk Mahakkanukrauh
Published in: Regional anesthesia and pain medicine (2023)
Triple injections at the second, fourth, and fifth intercostal spaces for the superficial approach and double injections at the third and fifth intercostal spaces for the deep approach were optimal techniques of the PIP blocks.
Keyphrases
  • ultrasound guided
  • thoracic surgery
  • fine needle aspiration
  • platelet rich plasma