Degradation of pendimethalin by the yeast YC2 and determination of its two main metabolites.

In this study, we isolated a yeast strain, YC2, by enrichment culture from pendimethalin-contaminated soil. The analysis of its phenotypic features and 26S rRNA sequence confirmed that the strain YC2 is Clavispora lusitaniae . According to the kinetics of pendimethalin degradation, YC2 could degrade 74% of 200 mg L -1 pendimethalin in CMB liquid culture over 8 days. LC-MS/MS was used to identify the metabolites of pendimethalin after degradation. This study confirmed that its metabolites consist of 1,2-dimethyl-3,5-dinitro-4- N (buta-1,3-dien-2-yl)-dinitrobenzenamine- N -oxide and 1,2-dimethyl-3,5-dinitro-4- N (prop-1-en-2-yl)-dinitrobenzenamine- N -oxide, which were broken down by a series of enzymatic reactions to produce CO 2 and H 2 O. Thus, the study herein sheds light on the role of yeast in the degradation of pendimethalin.