Adaptive Immune Response Associated with a Zirconium-Containing, Cemented, Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Report.
T David TarityJonathan M VigdorchikGeoffrey H WestrichAlejandro Gonzalez Della VallePaola CerritoElexis C BaralTimothy G BromageThomas W BauerPublished in: JBJS case connector (2021)
The factors responsible for the adaptive immune response cannot be determined with certainty; however, this is the first reported case of ALVAL associated with ZrO2-containing bone cement. Previous reports describing ALVAL around failed total knee prostheses have not included observations about the type of contrast material added to cement.