COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Lucia Del VecchioOlga BalafaEvangelia DounousiRobert EkartBeatriz Fernandez FernandezPatrick B MarkPantelis A SarafidisJose M ValdivielsoCharles Joseph FerroFrancesca Mallamacinull nullPublished in: Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association (2023)
Millions of people worldwide have chronic kidney disease (CKD). Affected patients are at high risk for cardiovascular disease for several reasons. Among various comorbidities, CKD is associated with the more severe forms of SARS-Cov-2 infection. This is particularly true for patients receiving dialysis or for kidney recipients. From the start of the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic, several cardiovascular complications have been observed in affected subjects, spanning through acute inflammatory manifestations, cardiovascular events, thrombotic episodes and arrythmias. Several pathogenetic mechanisms have been hypothesized, including direct cytopathic viral effects on the myocardium, endothelial damage, and hypercoagulability. This spectrum of disease can occur during the acute phase of the infection, but also after months from recovery. This review is focussed on the cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 with particular interest to their implications for the CKD population.
Keyphrases
- chronic kidney disease
- sars cov
- end stage renal disease
- cardiovascular disease
- cardiovascular events
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- coronavirus disease
- coronary artery disease
- oxidative stress
- type diabetes
- risk factors
- peritoneal dialysis
- liver failure
- cardiovascular risk factors
- endothelial cells
- newly diagnosed
- metabolic syndrome
- prognostic factors
- respiratory failure
- hepatitis b virus
- patient reported outcomes