Effects of GnRH vaccination in wild and captive African Elephant bulls (Loxodonta africana) on reproductive organs and semen quality.
Imke LuedersDebbie YoungLiana MareeGerhard van der HorstIlse LutherStephan BothaBrendan TindallGeoffrey FosgateAndré GanswindtHenk J BertschingerPublished in: PloS one (2017)
Our results showed a marked decrease in semen quality, testicle and secondary sex gland sizes following repeated GnRH vaccinations. After 2-4 years of continuous treatment every 5-7 months, the effects were similar to surgical castration.
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