Long-term follow-up and comparison of programmable and non-programmable ventricular cerebrospinal fluid shunts among adult patients with different hydrocephalus etiologies: a retrospective cohort study.

The combination of the different etiologies of hydrocephalus and the features of PV and NPV results in different outcomes-revision rate and revision-free survival. PV use might be superior to NPV in iNPH and post-traumatic hydrocephalus patients. Further studies are needed to clarify the indications of PV use in adult hydrocephalus patients.