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BRCA1/2 signaling and homologous recombination deficiency in breast and ovarian cancer.

Rachel RoyfmanEmma WhiteleyOlivia NoeSusan MorandJustin CreedenLaura StanberyDanae HamoudaJohn J Nemunaitis
Published in: Future oncology (London, England) (2021)
Patients who have mutations of the genes BRCA1 or BRCA2 are at an increased risk for developing breast and ovarian cancer. BRCA1/2 function as tumor suppressor genes, responsible for regulating DNA repair, and play an essential role in homologous recombination. Mutation of BRCA1/2 results in homologous recombination deficiency and genomic instability which drives oncogenesis and cancer proliferation. Recently, BRCA1/2 gene expression has been implicated in regulating immune response. Here we discuss the signaling pathway of BRCA1/2 in relation to breast and ovarian cancer, with emphasis on how dysregulation facilitates the path to malignancy and current treatment options.
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