Effects of alcohol and nicotine consumption on the development of apical periodontitis in rats: a correlative micro-computed tomographic, histological and immunohistochemical study.
K P PintoC M A FerreiraA F C GuimarãesCarolina Oliveira de LimaF R PiresL M SassoneEmmanuel João Nogueira Leal da SilvaPublished in: International endodontic journal (2020)
Alcohol and nicotine consumption exacerbated the inflammatory response and the development of periradicular lesions in rats. The association of both substances enhanced their harmful effects.