Prevalence and clinical features of secondary skin lesions in septic patients with bloodstream infections.
Ana Pulido-PérezCarlos Sanchez-CarrilloMarta Bergon-SendinRicardo Suarez-FernandezAngel Manuel Rosell-DiazPatricia MuñozEmilio BouzaPublished in: European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology (2022)
Cutaneous manifestations developed in the course of sepsis are poorly documented in the medical literature beyond those related to specific pathogens or classical clinical pictures such as purpura fulminans or ecthyma gangrenosum. The objective of this study was to determine the overall prevalence of sepsis-related skin findings and evaluate their possible impact on the prognosis of septic patients. Single-centre, retrospective study of septic patients with documented bloodstream infections admitted in a tertiary hospital during 2019. Primary skin and soft tissue infections, and non-sepsis-related skin conditions diagnosed during hospital admission were excluded. Unselected sample of 320 episodes of sepsis in 265 patients. Secondary skin lesions were documented in 57 sepsis episodes (17.8%) in 47 patients. Purpura (petechiae/ecchymosis) was the most frequent cutaneous finding in septic patients (35.5%), with non-acral involvement in more than one-third of the episodes (38.5%), followed by skin and soft tissue erythema/oedema (25.8%) and maculopapular rashes (11.3%). Secondary skin lesions occurred more frequently in sepsis of respiratory (p = 0.027) and skin and soft tissue (p = 0.018) origin, as well as in sepsis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (p = 0.001). Mean hospital stay was 38.58 days and sepsis-related mortality 21.1%. Our results suggest that cutaneous involvement in the course of sepsis is frequent, with purpura being the main clinical sign. The semiology described in this study, easily identifiable by non-dermatologists, should alert clinicians to the potential unfavourable course of these patients.
Keyphrases
- soft tissue
- acute kidney injury
- intensive care unit
- end stage renal disease
- septic shock
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- healthcare
- emergency department
- wound healing
- type diabetes
- palliative care
- cardiovascular disease
- climate change
- patient reported
- staphylococcus aureus
- clinical decision support
- biofilm formation
- cardiovascular events