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Lithium-Ion Insertion Properties of Solution-Exfoliated Germanane.

Andrew C SerinoJesse S KoMichael T YeungJeffrey J SchwartzChris B KangSarah H TolbertRichard B KanerBruce S DunnPaul S Weiss
Published in: ACS nano (2017)
The high theoretical energy density of alloyed lithium and germanium (Li15Ge4), 1384 mAh/g, makes germanium a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries. However, common alloy anode architectures suffer from long-term instability upon repetitive charge-discharge cycles that arise from stress-induced degradation upon lithiation (volume expansion >300%). Here, we explore the use of the two-dimensional nanosheet structure of germanane to mitigate stress from high volume expansion and present a facile method for producing stable single-to-multisheet dispersions of pure germanane. Purity and degree of exfoliation were assessed with scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. We measured representative germanane battery electrodes to have a reversible Li-ion capacity of 1108 mAh/g when cycled between 0.1 and 2 V vs Li/Li+. These results indicate germanane anodes are capable of near-theoretical-maximum energy storage, perform well at high cycling rates, and can maintain capacity over 100 cycles.
Keyphrases
  • ion batteries
  • electron microscopy
  • stress induced
  • solid state
  • raman spectroscopy
  • reduced graphene oxide
  • high frequency
  • quantum dots
  • mass spectrometry
  • carbon nanotubes