Hypokinetic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: clinical phenotype, genetics, and prognosis.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with reduced ejection fraction is associated with heart failure and poor outcome. Arrhythmia, cardiac surgery, and device implantation were commonly documented prior to HCMr development, suggesting they may be either a trigger or the result of adverse remodelling. Future studies should focus on prediction and prevention of HCMr.