Physical Heart Failure Symptom Clusters Predictive of Delay in Seeking Treatment.

Our findings provide valuable insight into the role of physical symptom clusters on delay in persons with HF. Through agglomerative hierarchical clustering techniques, we found three physical HF symptom clusters that were then used to determine differences in cluster membership by demographic and clinical variables. Significant age differences were noted by cluster membership with youngest older adults in a discordant symptom cluster.