Potential applications of PEGylated green gold nanoparticles in cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis.
Bushra ShalSafa AmanatAshraf Ullah KhanYou Jeong LeeHussain AliFakhar Ud DinYoumie ParkSalman KhanPublished in: Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology (2022)
We investigated the effect of green tea extract PEGylated gold nanoparticles (P-AuNPs) making use of its targeted and sustained drug delivery against cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis. AuNPs were synthesized by reduction reaction of gold salts with green tea extract following the concept of green synthesis. Mostly spherical-shaped P-AuNPs were synthesized with an average size of 14.3 ± 3.3 nm. Pre-treatment with P-AuNPs (1, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) before CYP (150 mg/kg, i.p.) challenge suggested its uroprotective properties. P-AuNPs significantly reversed all pain-like behaviours and toxicities produced by CYP resulting in a decreased aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, C-reactive protein, and creatinine level. P-AuNPs increased anti-oxidant system by increasing the level of reduced glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, catalase and superoxide dismutase, and reduced nitric oxide production in bladder tissue. Additionally, it attenuated hypokalaemia and hyponatremia, along with a decrease in Evans blue content in bladder tissue and peritoneal cavity. CYP-induced bladder tissue damage observed by macroscopic and histological findings were remarkably attenuated by P-AuNPs, along with reduced fibrosis of collagen fibre in bladder smooth muscles shown by Masson's trichrome staining. Additionally, alterations in hematological parameters and clinical scoring were also prevented by P-AuNPs suggesting its uroprotective effect.
Keyphrases
- climate change
- gold nanoparticles
- spinal cord injury
- high glucose
- nitric oxide
- drug delivery
- diabetic rats
- high dose
- drug induced
- metabolic syndrome
- anti inflammatory
- hydrogen peroxide
- cancer therapy
- risk assessment
- endothelial cells
- pain management
- photodynamic therapy
- urinary tract
- ionic liquid
- smoking cessation
- drug release
- flow cytometry
- atomic force microscopy
- high speed