Synergistic Adsorption and In Situ Catalytic Conversion of SO 2 by Transformed Bimetal-Phenolic Functionalized Biomass.

SO 2 removal is critical to flue gas purification. However, based on performance and cost, materials under development are hardly adequate substitutes for active carbon-based materials. Here, we engineered biomass-derived nanostructured carbon nanofibers integrated with highly dispersed bimetallic Ti/CoO x nanoparticles through the thermal transition of metal-phenolic functionalized industrial leather wastes for synergistic SO 2 adsorption and in situ catalytic conversion. The generation of surface-SO 3 2- and peroxide species (O 2 2- ) by Ti/CoO x achieved catalytic conversion of adsorbed SO 2 into value-added liquid H 2 SO 4 , which can be discharged from porous nanofibers. This approach can also avoid the accumulation of the adsorbed SO 2 , thereby achieving high desulfurization activity and a long operating life over 6000 min, preceding current state-of-the-art active carbon-based desulfurization materials. Combined with the techno-economic and carbon footprint analysis from 36 areas in China, we demonstrated an economically viable and scalable solution for real-world SO 2 removal on the industrial scale.