Effects of copper and zinc oxide nanoparticles on German cockroach development, indoxacarb resistance, and bacterial load.

Together, our results indicate that ingestion of Cu nanoparticles can impact German cockroach development through an undetermined mechanism that does not involve reducing the overall load of the bacterial microbiota. Cu may have some applications in cockroach control as a result of this activity but antagonistic effects on insecticide resistance should be considered when evaluating the potential of nanoparticles for cockroach control. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.