Remote-Controlled Release of Singlet Oxygen by the Plasmonic Heating of Endoperoxide-Modified Gold Nanorods: Towards a Paradigm Change in Photodynamic Therapy.
Safacan KolemenTugba OzdemirDayoung LeeGyoung Mi KimTugce KaratasJuyoung YoonEngin U AkkayaPublished in: Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) (2016)
The photodynamic therapy of cancer is contingent upon the sustained generation of singlet oxygen in the tumor region. However, tumors of the most metastatic cancer types develop a region of severe hypoxia, which puts them beyond the reach of most therapeutic protocols. More troublesome, photodynamic action generates acute hypoxia as the process itself diminishes cellular oxygen reserves, which makes it a self-limiting method. Herein, we describe a new concept that could eventually lead to a change in the 100 year old paradigm of photodynamic therapy and potentially offer solutions to some of the lingering problems. When gold nanorods with tethered endoperoxides are irradiated at 808 nm, the endoperoxides undergo thermal cycloreversion, resulting in the generation of singlet oxygen. We demonstrate that the amount of singlet oxygen produced in this way is sufficient for triggering apoptosis in cell cultures.
Keyphrases
- photodynamic therapy
- fluorescence imaging
- small cell lung cancer
- squamous cell carcinoma
- squamous cell
- mental health
- endothelial cells
- liver failure
- oxidative stress
- cell death
- intensive care unit
- single cell
- early onset
- drug delivery
- cancer therapy
- childhood cancer
- reduced graphene oxide
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- single molecule
- aortic dissection
- label free