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Phenalenannulations: Three-Point Double Annulation Reactions that Convert Benzenes into Pyrenes.

Rahul Kisan KawadeChaowei HuNikolas R Dos SantosNoelle WatsonXinsong LinKenneth HansonIgor V Alabugin
Published in: Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) (2020)
3-Point annulations, or phenalenannulations, transform a benzene ring directly into a substituted pyrene by "wrapping" two new cycles around the perimeter of the central ring at three consecutive carbon atoms. This efficient, modular, and general method for π-extension opens access to non-symmetric pyrenes and their expanded analogues. Potentially, this approach can convert any aromatic ring bearing a -CH2 Br or a -CHO group into a pyrene moiety. Depending upon the workup choices, the process can be directed towards either tin- or iodo-substituted product formation, giving complementary choices for further various cross-coupling reactions. The two-directional bis-double annulation adds two new polyaromatic extensions with a total of six new aromatic rings at a central core.
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