Salmonella Newport outbreak in Brazilian parrots: confiscated birds from the illegal pet trade as possible zoonotic sources.
André B S SaidenbergMarc SteggerTorsten SemmlerVictória G P RochaMarcos Paulo Vieira CunhaVanessa A F SouzaMárcia Cristina MenãoLiliane MilaneloBruno S S PetriTerezinha KnöblPublished in: Environmental microbiology reports (2021)
Salmonella has long been linked to zoonotic risks, including exotic pets. Parrots are popular pets, and we here describe a salmonellosis outbreak involving Blue-fronted Amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva) confiscated from the illegal pet trade in Brazil. High mortality was observed during the rehabilitation for which the causative agent was identified by cultures, and VITEK®2 GN identification card as Salmonella enterica. Genome sequencing of two isolates revealed serovar Newport ST45. The isolates were resistant to aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones, and genomic analyses detected characteristic Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands (SPIs) and virulence factors. A phylogenetic analysis with other 275 S. Newport ST45 from different international sources showed clustering with poultry and vegetables isolates and closely related clades of intermingled animal, human, food/environmental isolates from different countries (Tables S1 and S2). The virulent profiles and phylogenetic connection to multiple sources bring the attention to the non-host specificity of these strains highlighting the zoonotic potential in the illegal wildlife trade for companion animals.
Keyphrases
- escherichia coli
- human health
- listeria monocytogenes
- genetic diversity
- drinking water
- single cell
- biofilm formation
- computed tomography
- endothelial cells
- risk assessment
- positron emission tomography
- staphylococcus aureus
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- pet imaging
- climate change
- antimicrobial resistance
- cardiovascular disease
- risk factors
- genome wide
- dna methylation
- cardiovascular events