Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of ester-linked 2-phenylindole-3-carboxaldehyde-glucose conjugate (2-phenylindole-3-carboxyl-10″-O-β-D-glucosyl ester) was achieved by using plant cell cultures as biocatalysts. The anticancer agent, 2-phenylindole-3-carboxaldehyde, induced apoptosis in cells, whereas 2-phenylindole-3-carboxyl-10″-O-β-D-glucosyl ester showed no cytotoxicity and induced no apoptosis.
Keyphrases
- induced apoptosis
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cancer therapy
- oxidative stress
- signaling pathway
- diabetic rats
- photodynamic therapy
- cell cycle arrest
- hydrogen peroxide
- drug delivery
- single cell
- type diabetes
- risk assessment
- radiation therapy
- human health
- nitric oxide
- locally advanced
- climate change
- mesenchymal stem cells
- drug release
- insulin resistance
- cell wall
- stress induced