Total duplication of the small single copy region in the angiosperm plastome: Rearrangement and inverted repeat instability in Asarum.

Plastome divergence in Asarum appears to be consistent with trends seen in highly rearranged plastomes of the monocots and eudicots. We propose that plastome instability in Asarum is due to repetitive motifs that serve as recombinatory substrates and reduce genome stability.