Unlocking Drug Resistance in Multiple Myeloma: Adipocytes as Modulators of Treatment Response.
Maria OchiaiSara FiersteinFarouq XsSaliNicholas DeVitoLaura R PurkeyRebecca MayAbraham Correa-MedinaMary KelleyThomas D PageKathleen L DeCicco-SkinnerPublished in: Cancers (2023)
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematological malignancy characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells. Despite the development of a diverse array of targeted drug therapies over the last decade, patients often relapse and develop refractory disease due to multidrug resistance. Obesity is a growing public health threat and a risk factor for multiple myeloma, although the mechanisms by which obesity contributes to MM growth and progression have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we evaluated whether crosstalk between adipocytes and MM cells promoted drug resistance and whether this was amplified by obesity. Human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) from nineteen normal (BMI = 20-25 kg/m 2 ), overweight (25-30 kg/m 2 ), or obese (30-35 kg/m 2 ) patients undergoing elective liposuction were utilized. Cells were differentiated into adipocytes, co-cultured with RPMI 8226 or U266B1 multiple myeloma cell lines, and treated with standard MM therapies, including bortezomib or a triple combination of bortezomib, dexamethasone, and lenalidomide. We found that adipocytes from overweight and obese individuals increased cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR) survival signals in MM cells, and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) drug transporter expression. Further, co-culture enhanced in vitro angiogenesis, MMP-2 activity, and protected MM cells from drug-induced decreases in viability. In summary, we provide an underlying mechanism by which obesity can impair the drug response to MM and allow for recurrence and/or disease progression.
Keyphrases
- multiple myeloma
- induced apoptosis
- weight loss
- metabolic syndrome
- high fat diet induced
- adipose tissue
- insulin resistance
- drug induced
- cell cycle arrest
- public health
- type diabetes
- patients undergoing
- weight gain
- newly diagnosed
- signaling pathway
- liver injury
- cell adhesion
- end stage renal disease
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- small molecule
- body mass index
- chronic kidney disease
- prognostic factors
- low dose
- physical activity
- mass spectrometry
- skeletal muscle
- stem cell transplantation
- cancer therapy
- single cell
- pi k akt
- high resolution
- obese patients
- wound healing