The Emerging Role of CD24 in Cancer Theranostics-A Novel Target for Fluorescence Image-Guided Surgery in Ovarian Cancer and Beyond.
Katrin KleinmannsVibeke FosseLine BjorgeEmmet McCormackPublished in: Journal of personalized medicine (2020)
Complete cytoreductive surgery is the cornerstone of the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The application of fluorescence image-guided surgery (FIGS) allows for the increased intraoperative visualization and delineation of malignant lesions by using fluorescently labeled targeting biomarkers, thereby improving intraoperative guidance. CD24, a small glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored cell surface receptor, is overexpressed in approximately 70% of solid cancers, and has been proposed as a prognostic and therapeutic tumor-specific biomarker for EOC. Recently, preclinical studies have demonstrated the benefit of CD24-targeted contrast agents for non-invasive fluorescence imaging, as well as improved tumor resection by employing CD24-targeted FIGS in orthotopic patient-derived xenograft models of EOC. The successful detection of miniscule metastases denotes CD24 as a promising biomarker for the application of fluorescence-guided surgery in EOC patients. The aim of this review is to present the clinical and preclinically evaluated biomarkers for ovarian cancer FIGS, highlight the strengths of CD24, and propose a future bimodal approach combining CD24-targeted fluorescence imaging with radionuclide detection and targeted therapy.
Keyphrases
- fluorescence imaging
- minimally invasive
- coronary artery bypass
- nk cells
- end stage renal disease
- cancer therapy
- chronic kidney disease
- newly diagnosed
- magnetic resonance
- ejection fraction
- squamous cell carcinoma
- stem cells
- surgical site infection
- peritoneal dialysis
- mesenchymal stem cells
- percutaneous coronary intervention
- young adults
- sensitive detection
- metastatic renal cell carcinoma