Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in muscle invasive and metastatic bladder cancer patients.
Archana AnantharamanTerence W FriedlanderDavid LuRachel KrupaGayatri PremasekharanJeffrey HoughMatthew EdwardsRosa PazKarla LindquistRyon GrafAdam JendrisakJessica LouwLyndsey DuganSarah BairdYipeng WangRyan DittamorePamela L ParisPublished in: BMC cancer (2016)
CTCs are detectable in both MIBC and mBCa patients. PD-L1 expression is demonstrated in both CK+ and CK-CTCs in patients with mBCa, and genomic analysis of these cells supports their tumor origin. Here we demonstrate the ability to identify CTCs in patients with advanced bladder cancer through a minimally invasive process. This may have the potential to guide checkpoint inhibitor immune therapies that have been established to have activity, often with durable responses, in a proportion of these patients.
Keyphrases
- circulating tumor cells
- end stage renal disease
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- newly diagnosed
- peritoneal dialysis
- circulating tumor
- squamous cell carcinoma
- dna damage
- spinal cord injury
- gene expression
- cell death
- dna methylation
- cell proliferation
- protein kinase
- climate change
- patient reported
- muscle invasive bladder cancer