Exploring Bacillus mycoides PM35 efficacy in enhancing rice (Oryza sativa L.) response to different types of microplastics through gene regulation and cellular fractionation.
Dalal Nasser BinjawharRana M AlshegaihiAishah AlatawiMuneefah Abdullah AleneziAbida ParveenMuhammad AdnanBaber AliKhalid Ali KhanShah FahadEman FayadPublished in: Environmental science and pollution research international (2024)
Soil contamination with microplastics (MPs) is a persistent threat to crop production worldwide. With a wide range of MP types, including polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene (PE), contaminating our environment, it is important to understand their impact on agricultural productivity. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of different types of MPs (PS, PVC and PE) on various aspects of plant growth. Specifically, we examined growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange attributes, oxidative stress responses, antioxidant compound activity (both enzymatic and non-enzymatic), gene expression, proline metabolism, the AsA-GSH cycle and cellular fractionation and nutritional status, in different parts of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings, which were also exposed to plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), i.e. Bacillus mycoides PM35, i.e. 20 μL. The research outcomes indicated that the different types of MPs in the soil notably reduced plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange attributes. However, MP stress also induced oxidative stress in the roots and shoots of the plants by increasing malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and electrolyte leakage (EL) which also induced increased compounds of various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and also the gene expression. Furthermore, a significant increase in proline metabolism, the AsA-GSH cycle, and the fractionations of cellular components was observed. Although the application of B. mycoides PM35 showed a significant increase in plant growth and biomass, gas exchange characteristics, enzymatic and non-enzymatic compounds and their gene expression and also decreased oxidative stress. In addition, the application of B. mycoides PM35 enhanced cellular fractionation and decreased the proline metabolism and AsA-GSH cycle in O. sativa plants. These results open new insights for sustainable agriculture practices and hold immense promise in addressing the pressing challenges of MP contamination in agricultural soils.
Keyphrases
- plant growth
- hydrogen peroxide
- gene expression
- heavy metals
- climate change
- human health
- particulate matter
- risk assessment
- nitric oxide
- air pollution
- oxidative stress
- dna methylation
- health risk
- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
- wastewater treatment
- room temperature
- primary care
- diabetic rats
- water soluble
- anaerobic digestion
- healthcare
- dna damage
- high glucose
- type diabetes
- adipose tissue
- machine learning
- carbon dioxide
- anti inflammatory
- insulin resistance
- skeletal muscle
- stress induced
- deep learning
- heat stress