Maternal and paternal risk factors for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Alcohol and other drug use as proximal influences.

Philip A MayJulie M HaskenMarlene M de VriesAnna-Susan MaraisOmar Abdul-RahmanLuther K RobinsonMargaret P AdamMelanie A ManningWendy O KalbergDavid BuckleySoraya SeedatCharles D H ParryH Eugene Hoyme

Published in: Alcohol, clinical & experimental research (2023)

Differences in FASD risk emerged from the examination of multiple proximal variables of maternal alcohol and tobacco use, reflecting increased FASD risk at greater levels of maternal alcohol consumption.

Keyphrases

alcohol consumption
birth weight
pregnancy outcomes
pregnant women
gestational age
body mass index
weight loss