Sexual dimorphism and the multi-omic response to exercise training in rat subcutaneous white adipose tissue.
Gina M ManyJames A SanfordTyler J SagendorfZhenxin HouPasquale NigroKatie L WhytockDavid AmarTiziana CaputoNicole R GayDavid A GaulMichael F HirshmanDavid Jimenez-MoralesMaléne E LindholmMichael J MuehlbauerMaria VamviniBryan C BergmanFacundo M FernándezLaurie J GoodyearAndrea L HevenerEric A OrtlundLauren Marie SparksAshley XiaJoshua N AdkinsSue C BodineChristopher B NewgardSimon Schenknull nullPublished in: Nature metabolism (2024)
Subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) is a dynamic storage and secretory organ that regulates systemic homeostasis, yet the impact of endurance exercise training (ExT) and sex on its molecular landscape is not fully established. Utilizing an integrative multi-omics approach, and leveraging data generated by the Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC), we show profound sexual dimorphism in the scWAT of sedentary rats and in the dynamic response of this tissue to ExT. Specifically, the scWAT of sedentary females displays -omic signatures related to insulin signaling and adipogenesis, whereas the scWAT of sedentary males is enriched in terms related to aerobic metabolism. These sex-specific -omic signatures are preserved or amplified with ExT. Integration of multi-omic analyses with phenotypic measures identifies molecular hubs predicted to drive sexually distinct responses to training. Overall, this study underscores the powerful impact of sex on adipose tissue biology and provides a rich resource to investigate the scWAT response to ExT.
Keyphrases
- adipose tissue
- physical activity
- skeletal muscle
- insulin resistance
- high fat diet
- genome wide
- type diabetes
- mental health
- single cell
- body mass index
- high intensity
- single molecule
- oxidative stress
- dna methylation
- sleep quality
- machine learning
- intellectual disability
- autism spectrum disorder
- weight loss
- drug induced
- high fat diet induced