tau-Fluvalinate and other pesticide residues in honey bees before overwintering.

The multidimensional behavior of pesticides in a bee colony was indicated. Although the research area is used for agriculture, the measured pesticide level was relatively low. The recorded concentrations of tau-fluvalinate should not be dangerous to bees, as the values were ∼ 200-5000-fold lower than the reported median lethal dose (LD50 ) values. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.