Assessing Cellular Uptake of Exogenous Coenzyme Q 10 into Human Skin Cells by X-ray Fluorescence Imaging.
Theresa StauferMirja L SchulzeOliver SchmutzlerChristian KörnigVivienne WelgeThorsten BurkhardtJens-Peter VietzkeAlexandra VogelsangJulia M WeiseThomas BlattOliver DabrowskiGerald FalkenbergDennis BruecknerCarlos Sanchez-CanoFlorian GrünerPublished in: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) imaging is a highly sensitive non-invasive imaging method for detection of small element quantities in objects, from human-sized scales down to single-cell organelles, using various X-ray beam sizes. Our aim was to investigate the cellular uptake and distribution of Q 10 , a highly conserved coenzyme with antioxidant and bioenergetic properties. Q 10 was labeled with iodine (I 2 -Q 10 ) and individual primary human skin cells were scanned with nano-focused beams. Distribution of I 2 -Q 10 molecules taken up inside the screened individual skin cells was measured, with a clear correlation between individual Q 10 uptake and cell size. Experiments revealed that labeling Q 10 with iodine causes no artificial side effects as a result of the labeling procedure itself, and thus is a perfect means of investigating bioavailability and distribution of Q 10 in cells. In summary, individual cellular Q 10 uptake was demonstrated by XRF, opening the path towards Q 10 multi-scale tracking for biodistribution studies.
Keyphrases
- induced apoptosis
- single cell
- high resolution
- cell cycle arrest
- fluorescence imaging
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- oxidative stress
- magnetic resonance imaging
- endothelial cells
- signaling pathway
- cell death
- rna seq
- transcription factor
- magnetic resonance
- mesenchymal stem cells
- photodynamic therapy
- cell therapy
- pet imaging
- pi k akt
- anti inflammatory
- soft tissue
- electron microscopy
- sensitive detection